In TTWI radar systems, antennas are of fundamental importance to radiate power towards the wall and the targets

This paper presents the design and optimization of patch-like antennas for Through-The-Wall Imaging (TTWI) radar applications in the frequency range 0.5-2 GHz. A basic antenna configuration is analyzed and modified through an optimization aiming at reducing the size of the antenna and at focusing the radiated power in a single lobe to be directed towards the wall and the targets to be detected. Both the basic and the optimized antennas have been manufactured and tested. The optimized patch antennas and a conventional Vivaldi antenna have been successfully used in the frequency modulated interrupted continuous wave (FMICW) radar system developed at Durham University. Results of a novel wall removal technique for through-the-wall imaging using numerical simulations and measurements aimed at the detection of stationary targets and people are presented.